Venus is famous as a hellishly inhospitable burning world, choked with carbon dioxide and crushed under almost a hundred times Earth atmospheric pressure. But recent data suggests that our nearest planetary neighbor might once have been a bit more like us. The European Space Agency’s ( ESA ) Venus Express mission arrived in orbit on May 7 th , 2006, and has been analyzing the world ever since. Venus’s poisonous clouds are opaque to visible light, just like “regular” clouds, so the probe came equipped with the VIRTIS system (Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer.) This allowed it to not only map the surface, which had previously been performed by radar, but also collect basic chemical composition data. The infra-red reflectivities recorded suggest that there are Venusian highlands composed of granite, and if that’s not immediately exciting don’t worry, it’s just that you’re not a geologist. Granite is an igneous rock created from other rocks shoved back into a planet’s mantle by plate tectonics. Since Venus no longer appears to have any of those it’s an exciting clue to the planet’s past
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